A társadalmi kapcsolatok hatása a szubjektív életminőségre : összehasonlítás Európa 24 országában

The life conditions of people are differentiated, however, all of us want to lead a satisfied and happy life, despite the diversity of objective circumstances. An international comparative survey of twentyfour European countries (ESS /2005 N= 37720) that investigated the effect of relationships on subjective quality of life indicates that the subjective well-being of the majority of society is the most favourable in the Northern countries, where no extreme inequalities exist, trust and safety are relatively strong, and society is integrated. Respondents of the post-communist countries experience their quality of life to be the most dissatisfactory

A Bayesian Approach on People Localization in Multicamera Systems

In this paper we introduce a Bayesian approach on multiple people localization in multi-camera systems. First, pixel-level features are extracted, which are based on physical properties of the 2-D image formation process, and provide information about the head and leg positions of the pedestrians, distinguishing standing and walking people, respectively. Then features from the multiple camera views are fused to create evidence for the location and height of people in the ground plane. This evidence accurately estimates the leg position even if either the area of interest is only a part of the scene, or the overlap ratio of the silhouettes from irrelevant outside motions with the monitored area is significant. Using this information we create a 3-D object configuration model in the real world. We also utilize a prior geometrical constraint, which describes the possible interactions between two pedestrians. To approximate the position of the people, we use a population of 3-D cylinder objects, which is realized by a Marked Point Process. The final configuration results are obtained by an iterative stochastic energy optimization algorithm. The proposed approach is evaluated on two publicly available datasets, and compared to a recent state-of-the-art technique. To obtain relevant quantitative test results, a 3-D Ground Truth annotation of the real pedestrian locations is prepared, while two different error metrics and various parameter settings are proposed and evaluated, showing the advantages of our proposed model

A Multi-View Annotation Tool for People Detection Evaluation

In this paper we introduce a novel multi-view annotation tool for generating 3D ground truth data of the real loca-tion of people in the scene. The proposed tool allows the user to accurately select the ground occupancy of people by aligning an oriented rectangle on the ground plane. In ad-dition, the height of the people can also be adjusted. In order to achieve precise ground truth data the user is aided by the video frames of multiple synchronized and calibrated cameras. Finally, the 3D annotation data can be easily con-verted to 2D image positions using the available calibration matrices. One key advantage of the proposed technique is that different methods can be compared against each other, whether they estimate the real world ground position of peo-ple or the 2D position on the camera images. Therefore, we defined two different error metrics, which quantitatively evaluate the estimated positions. We used the proposed tool to annotate two publicly available datasets, and evaluated the metrics on two state of the art algorithms